Political Science

Research Interests (International Relations and Comparative Politics)

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

PhD degree Research Proposal containing Research Project. September 12, 2026                        Previously posted several times online March 2026 as an attachment merged with other PDF files at online free PDF conversion websites "I love PDF" "Ilovepdf_merged" with downloaded versions provided.

Ademola Adesanya
PhD Fellowship Applicant
POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
UNIVERSITY OF SALZBURG
Research Proposal PhD Application
May 30, 2026 Research Question:
With the current availability of technology, are the 3 tiers of governance (Executive,
Parliament and Judiciary) absolutely still relevant for democracy to function optimally?
Drawing insights from the reactions of the various governments in the EU in response to
the war in Ukraine and the effects of the current mass illegal immigration crisis
Alternative / Short version
With the internet and AI, will democracy be able to perform better and optimally with the
delete of the Democracy Institution “Parliament” from the 3 tier Democratic Institutions
(Executive, Judiciary and Parliament)?
Historically, technology has been improving periodically and currently there are AI and
internet, both of which provide faster communication that can reach a vast amount of
distances within a short period of time. Along the line, the question arises whether or not,
the level and quality of democracy currently available should be able to fast track and catch
up with the abundance of technology available and the projected benefits to society at large
by comparison before and after the adjustment. As the question asks from a system of
democracy that has been around for the past 200 years which includes the 3 tier of
governance Executive, Judiciary and Parliament, my research explores if one of the 3 tiers
is no longer necessary and should be replaced with direct people’s participation in
democracy, with insights drawn from the reactions from the various governments and
States within the EU dealing with the effects of the war in Ukraine and illegal mass
immigration in Europe.
My research explores, if there were no Parliament and with the help of modern technology
which enables direct participation in democracy by the people, whether or not, the
replacement or elimination of one the 3 tiers of governance is of absolute benefit to society
as it enables the people to handle and deal with their problem much faster and more
effective than Parliament. My research will use a triangulation mixture of qualitative and
quantitative research methods. There will be survey interview methods taken from each
country in the EU exploring the people’s attitude to the war in Ukraine and the effects of
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illegal immigration in Europe that affects every country in Europe. Their response will be
linked quantitatively and qualitatively for causal inference as it deals with the collective
decision making process if the people participating directly to make their own laws without
Parliament, whether or not, the two problems would have been resolved much faster.
Considering the fact that, democracy is a global context, therefore, external validity of the
research from Europe to global perspective is required which can justify that, direct
participation of the people in democracy directly can justify the elimination of the need for
Parliament as an Institution in modern democracy.
This research is at an intersection with the subject law (Constitutional law) which is of
residual role in application and not expected to play a dominant role as such, but it is still
relevant because when the people replace Parliament, the people will be dealing with the
Constitution consistently on a regular basis because there is no longer any basis for the
process to use the Act of Parliament. The research will invoke heavy use of the internet AI
that will justify the replacement of Parliament with the people directly, which as a rule, is
much better and effective in resolving issues in society very fast.
At this point, this research proposal will not be overly ambitious by exploring more than one
of the 3 tiers and will concentrate on only one tier at this time. However, for maybe for Post
Doctoral research, a second tier may be examined that eliminates the Judiciary.
In as much this research project take a critical look at the dynamics of “Democracy” which
have been in existence for almost 200 years, hence it is essential that, they two systems of
governments including the US Presidential System of Government and the British
Parliamentary System of government be examined. Most of the rest of the world practices
the British Parliamentary system of government, and the US, is the only country that
practices the American Presidential System of government 100% format. Within the US
System, this project will examine the components of democracy (Executive, Judiciary and
Parliament) on how they perform in the system of democracy and how the projected
outcome of this PhD research project will change things eventually when the component
Parliament is deleted from the essential parts to be replaced by the Constitutional
Participatory Democracy, which is direct
participation of the people in democracy having eliminated the middleman “Parliament”.
Under both systems (Presidential and Parliamentary) the effects will be similar after
Parliament has been removed as a component of democracy and the people start to
participate in their own democracy 100% in a Constitutional Convention every 4 or 5 or at
most, every 6 years.
It is expected that with this project, it will enable the American people to get a new Federal
US Constitution that will reflect the will of the people using the Constitutional Convention for
their democracy and no more Parliament.
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My research project uses Ai and the internet to explore the current status of democracy and
its three tier components including the Executive, Judiciary and Parliament, and in the
process, attempts to permanently delete and remove Parliament to be no longer necessary
as an organ of democracy. Once Parliament is deleted, it leaves democracy to consist of
only two organs including the Executive and Judiciary. However, the function of Parliament
will not and cannot exist in a vacuum in a democracy, hence, this function is replaced by
what I call “Constitutional Convention Democracy” which allocates the function of
Parliament directly back to the people because of modern technology and availability of the
internet and Ai.
My “Democracy” research project is embedded deeply in the subfield of Political Science
under “Comparative Politics” and it is at the cutting edge between the subjects Law (legal)
and Political Science (Politics) with the convergence between the two subjects via the
Constitution which is the legal instrument of governance. While the legal aspect of the
Constitution has been overly explored one million times from the subject Law under
“Constitutional Law”, the Political Aspect of the Constitution has never been researched
and reviewed, and my research is the first of its kind ever to research the Constitution from
the perspectives of Political Science. Thus, the Constitution just like browsing an internet
website, has two “ends” the front end and the back end. The front end is the content and
the laws of the document which is often used by the Courts for the purpose of application
on the interpretation of the contents of the Constitution, thus, ordinarily the function of the
Judiciary in a democracy with the Supreme Court is to interpret the “front end” of the
Constitution. The other end of the Constitution is the back end, and the subject Political
Science has this side. The back end of the Constitution includes the historical political
processes of democracy that brought about the political rallies and conventions that
brought about the formation and ratification of the Constitution, the gathering of the laws
and contents of the Constitution. It is at the “Constitutional Democratic Convention” that the
laws and contents of the contents are first drafted to be the contents of the Constitution.
Unlike the front end of the Constitution that is subject to “Judicial Review” and interpretation
by the Courts for Constitutional validity as the process of interpretation by the Judiciary, the
back end is outside the purview of the Judiciary and the Courts lack powers and authority
to review the provisions and contents of the Constitution as drafted by the people at the
“Constitutional Democracy Convention”. Inotherwords, the Courts cannot ask why a
provision was inserted into the Constitution by the people and the Courts cannot interpret
any provision of the back end of the Constitution. It must be noted that, the provision of the
Constitution is the same at both the front and back ends, and while the Courts are
empowered to review the Constitution, they are only empowered to review consistency on
the application of the provision of the Constitution on matters brought before them and any
matter that is not consistent with the provision of the Constitution is struck down as illegal
and unconstitutional, and during the process, it is the application of the matter that is struck
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down as illegal and unconstitutional, otherwise, the Courts cannot strike down any
Constitutional provision itself as illegal and unconstitutional as this would encroach on the
backend of the Constitution.
I have written extensively about the topic of back and front ends of the Constitution, please
visit my website https://www.ademolaadesanya.at/ to learn more on how and when issues
fall in between the two subjects Law and Political Science ademolaadesanya.at, at the
Home Page, scroll down to the topic “Trump’s request for term limits for the members
of Congress. Is it possible? Or, is it Constitutional?”, and of course, there are several
other different topics on the subject available at my website. Please feel free to scroll down
further.
My dissertation provides the theoretical framework for the transition and replacement of
Parliament by the people “Constitutional Democracy Convention”, my research argues that,
because of the internet and Ai, representation of the people by Parliament in a democracy
is no longer necessary, and that function should revert back to the people immediately.
From the dissertation introduction , the problem statement identifies the real reason why
Parliament is no longer necessary because of the lack of performance and why the function
should revert to the people for better performance and efficiency. Tons and hundreds of
complaints against the US Congress for the lack of performance will be examined, and
comparatively, under the Parliamentary system in the UK, complaints against the British
Parliament will be examined. The problems in the UK are many, and currently, the Jihad
and Islamization issue, highlights the redundancy and total uselessness of Parliament for
being 100% ineffective and completely useless in democracy. The minority in Parliament
are holding the process ransom when with this project, after Parliament has been removed
and the law making process goes back to the people, this is the ultimate benefit of
democracy. Under both circumstances, as my research scientifically predicts using the
results from the “prospective” interview survey, democracy is better effective when the
people would rather make their own laws by themselves instead of their useless
“Representatives” in Parliament.
Bribery and Corruption
The biggest threat to democracy is “corruption” and it exists in all the three tiers of
governance including the Executive, Judiciary and Parliament. Corruption impedes good
governance and the rule of law, causes monumental government waste of scarce
resources and directly responsible for the malfunctioning of democracy. No democracy in
the world is 100% immune to corruption and while some democracies are non-existent and
have been “killed” with corruption. Bribery and corruption are words that are used
interchangeably here. While this paper does not distinguish between the least and most
corrupt democracies, however, the effect of this project on corruption is the same in both
the least and most corrupt democracies, this project will eliminate corruption from
democracy and governance. Specifically with Parliament, this project will eliminate
corruption 100% when Parliament has been deleted and no longer exists, and the process
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henceforth can easily control and reduce and even eliminate the flow of corruption to the
remaining organs of democracy including the Judiciary and Executive. When Parliament
has been deleted and the legislative function shifts directly back to the people, this makes
“bribery” of law makers to be prohibitively expensive and not possible. Here is why. For
example in the US, the total amount of Law Makers in the US Congress, in both upper and
lower Houses (US Senate and House of Representatives) is 455, with 100 in the Senate
and 355 in the House), if pushing came to shoving, all of these 455 individuals could be
“bribed”, bought and sold with some powerful billionaires and dirty “blood” money from
Saudi Arabia and Qatar. Bribery becomes more powerful and irresistible when the number
of officials to be bribed is small, for example, the various oversight “Committees” in the US
Senate with very few members 10 or 20, these guys have been bought and sold. In Texas,
there have been complaints about bribery and corruption of the State Law Makers
concerning the rapid spread of Islamic Jihad in the State.
This project will end corruption in democracy and governance. When legislative law
making power reverts to the people 100% and in the case of the US, when over 350 million
American adults have to decide on something or make laws on anything, it becomes
impossible to bribe 350 million people. It’s crazy, but this is what this project will prove. The
10 members of a Committee in the US Senate who could easily be bought and sold for one
billion dollars, their function now belongs to the people, it is impossible to buy 20 million
people doing that “Committee” function now. In the US, there are powerful lobbyist groups
lobbying and bribing the Law Makers with billions of dollars every year for favors and
concessions. In Texas, the total number of members of Parliament is 156, and a small
number of 10 or 15 serve on a Committee. This small number of individuals have been
bought and sold for less than one billion dollars but the game changes quickly when the 25
million Texas adult population have to make that law and decision. Because there is not
enough money to go around to bribe everybody, thus, it is in everyone’s best interest and
good for democracy that Parliament is deleted from the system and power shifts back to
the people.
Fraud, Thefts and Waste in governance:
This is separate from corruption and it just indicates the ineptitude and carelessness by
government Officials, and this impacts good governance because it drains governance of
scarce resources and this research will end all of that by using the same logic from above,
when few individuals can loot public treasury, it is impossible for millions of people to steal
from the treasury. In the US, in California, the State lost 24 billion dollars to fraud from the
Homeless program. In other programs including Medicare, Welfare, and Unemployment,
California has lost the total of 280 billion dollars. In total fraud, California has lost 304 billion
dollars. Across the US in the State of Minnesota with the theft and fraud by the Somalis, the
State lost almost 20 billion dollars. In total all over the US, the amount of “public” thefts and
fraud every year is over 1.5 trillion dollars, and this amount does not include “private” fraud
and thefts with insurance companies. All these frauds and thefts have shocked public
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conscience about what Parliament could do about it, and so far, the answer is zero. With
this project and when power shits to the people, fraud, thefts and waste in governance will
be reduced and eliminated. Not only in the US, but several types of democracies will be
examined for fraud, waste and thefts and the effects on democracy good governance.
Elimination and Prevention of Democracy back sliding
A major problem that often confronts democracy every where is the term called “democracy
back sliding” which is a process where the previous gains and progress of democracy are
eroding or have eroded through some current events that have destabilized the established
“Rule of Law” and the checks and balances safeguards between the three branches of
government (Executive, Judiciary, Parliament) no longer exists. Democracy back sliding is
like, for every step of progress and gains made so far in democracy, once back sliding
occurs, it will take two steps backwards from the progress.
There are several factors that could cause back sliding, and as previously highlighted,
bribery and corruption is a known factor that could cause back sliding when government
officials and elected officers have been bribed and bought which prevents them from
performing their duty. Another form of democracy back sliding is when there is an
UnConstitutional take over of government through a military coup where a few people in the
military raid the country’s capital and drive everybody away and take over the
communications and radio services and proclaim themselves to be in power, through
unconstitutional means. This project will stop that.
Ordinarily, the replacement of the Parliament with the people, requires a yearly
“Convention” once a year during which the people must gather to upgrade and update the
Constitution and laws. Against all the odds and chances that a military coup occurs a few
days before the Convention is to take place, it will be an exercise in futility because once
the people gather, they will reject and nullify the coup and unconstitutional military take
over. In the case where the Convention date is still several months away, the Constitution
gives the people the power for an emergency “Convention” to attack and firmly reject the
unconstitutional means of take over of government with the military coup. Thus, when ever
a military coup occurs, the people shall gather within 7 or 8 days to condemn, reject and
nullify the military coup and unconstitutional take over of government. For the Convention
to gather under the emergency, all that is required is a QUOROM of 75 or 80 percent.
With this project, a military coup or unconstitutional means of take over of government is
not possible because of two reasons. 1, unlike previously when a group of Army officers
perhaps 400 to 500 guys could topple the government when they captured the capital
where the headquarters of the government was located by removing the President. Here is,
a game of numbers and element of surprise, the current President is taken by surprise and
unprepared and in a game of numbers with the military coup plotters more than the security
protecting the President, usually every military coup has always been successful and the
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game is over once the President has been captured or removed. With this project, the
power of government and the seat of government belongs to the people (and not the
Executive as the case once the President has been removed in a military coup)) and there
can be no element of surprise whatsoever on the people by anyone trying to topple the
government. The seat of power consisting of the people is the total adult population in the
country that totals in millions ranging between 40 to 250 million people. If previously, once
the President has been captured, removed or killed, the military coup had been successful,
with this project, it is impossible for anyone (or 400 Army Officers) to capture and kill 40 or
250 million people who hold the power of government for the people. 2, it has been
explained that, the military coup used to be successful once the capital city (which is the
seat and head quarters of government) has been captured. With this project, it is
impossible for anyone to capture the “capital” city of government because modernly and in
modern times, governments exist mostly “online” and on the “internet” and there is no city
or place with physical structure or buildings that contain government operations like what it
used to be. Thus, it is impossible to capture the government online on the internet. Infact,
for the same reason that, the 40 or 250 million adults population adults holding the seat of
power cannot be touched or removed or killed is because they cannot be captured because
their physical presence is only online and on the internet. Equally, and in modern times,
the seat of government is no longer the capital city but modernly in modern times, the seat
of government is on the internet. While it is also correct that currently, most governments
exist in two forms, online and with physical structure but the ultimate transition is for
government to be situated 100% online.
In both instances, this project prevents and eliminates democracy back sliding with the
take over of government through unconstitutional means by military coups and take over
because the people holding power and the seat of government are invisible and cannot be
touched because they are online and on the internet. However, during the conventions, the
people can appear physically or online (using Zoom) or by any means that they deem fit,
but it is impossible for anyone to have the opportunity to use a pre-emptive strike to
capture or kill and remove them for the purpose of taking over government in their absence
before they can gather physically for the Constitutional conventions. Unlike previously,
mostly in Africa, Asia, South America and even in Europe, once a group of Army Officers
had captured the capital and killed the President, the unconstitutional means of take over of
Government was usually successful and the people had been robbed and they kept silent
and most cases, they kept silent for several years or even decades. All of that will change
with his project because it is a source of immense empowerment to the people to be in
control of their destiny and governance.
Finally, fear of the future and fear of the unknown.
It is better for the people to be directly in charge of law making instead of Parliament, it
allows speedy response to any future threat and any unknown future threat. The current
rapid growth of Ai and the effects on societies, Parliament cannot solve the problem and
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the only solution lies with the people when they make their own laws in response to the
threat whether or not to ban Ai or regulate its existence. Currently, the economic situation in
the US is completely messed up with the billionaires buying and owning everything and
putting Americans into a modern slavery system as shown by the Epstein files. The
billionaires have bought the US Congress and Americans are currently slaves to Bill Gates
and Elon Musk. This project is the game changer.
All of the above account to why currently, Parliament cannot perform or does not perform
well in democracy, the so called “Law Makers” are not working for the benefits of the people
after they have been bought and sold. They can deliberately impede and block the process
and good governance
Modern technology using Ai and the internet, has effectively deleted “Parliament” from
modern “Democracy”, there is absolutely no need for “Representatives” to make Laws
when the people can make the laws themselves. In Europe, Parliaments in selective
countries including Austria, will be examined for complaints and performance (if any).
In most of Europe, most of the Parliaments here are redundant and useless as the
Qualitative Methods “Interview Survey” in countries across Europe will show. “Comparative
Politics” analysis between the two different democracies namely US Presidential System
and the British Parliamentary System will be examined, for differences on how the new
concept works under each of the two systems. Methodology will be mixed methods
triangulation that use the qualitative survey interview first before applying the results into a
large scale quantitative methods using multivariate regressions and other regressions
applicable. The interview survey will ask about the attitude of the people towards the
performance of their LawMakers / Parliaments, and if they would like to delete Parliament
from democracy and assume the function of law making because the internet technology
has made it much easier for the people to perform this role easily and why Parliament is no
longer needed. Additional interview survey questions will include the Constitution and
regular annual periodic maintenance of the Constitution as required under the concept. The
results from the interview will be used to create multivariate regressions on a democracy
model with the variables selected that will justify the nullification of Parliament from the
system of democracy and the replacement by the people for better performance is justified
because of the availability of the internet and technology.
Again and again, my dissertation provides a strong argument on the side of technology on
why Ai and the internet has made it absolutely unnecessary for the Parliament to continue
representing the people as the people no longer need representation because of the
internet and Ai when they can do the job of law making themselves. The other benefit of
scrapping “Parliament” from “Democracy” is the cost of governance when it reduces the
costs of governance because of the complaints that democracy is very expensive to
maintain, particularly for poor countries.
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It is expected that my dissertation will force several countries including the US to get new
Federal Constitutions and infact, every country that practices democracy must have a new
Constitution because “Parliament” is the most important function of the document and the
document is empty once Parliament is removed from it, thus, making it essential to reflect
the new status quo that Parliament is no longer in the Constitution. Thee question
remaining is that, whether or not the remaining two organs of democracy including the
Executive and Judiciary are safe and whether or not there would be any future event that
would force every country to get another Constitution if future research should eliminate
either of the two organs. This dissertation asserts that, most likely there will not be any
further change and the two organs are safe because Parliament is the most important
organ of democracy and the functions of the two organs are contained inside Parliament.
However, if any of the two organs is at risk, most likely it is going to be the Judiciary. Every
democracy must always have a leader from the Executive and the reason why the
Executive will not / never be affected.
Research Methods
It is expected that, there will be a triangulation of mixed methods of research methodology
using both Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
Qualitative methods
Qualitative methods will be used twice and in two separate ways first, there will be Case Study
and next, interview survey. The data generated from the survey will be used for quantitative
multi-regression analysis -1- Case Study
There will be comparative analysis of the various forms of democracy available including the
two main types of democracy including the US Presidential System and the British
Parliamentary System, they hybrid systems comprising of both types and the last one is the
authoritarian illiberal democracy. When each analysis is applied to the “Constitutional
Democracy Convention”, it will show that, the concept has the same effect in all types of
democracy and Parliament is no longer necessary and power can revert back to the people
100% because of modern technology and the internet. -2- Survey / Interview
In order to confirm the hypothesis that will confirm the expectations of the proffered solutions
to the identified problems in the problem statement justifying the replacement of Parliament
with the people because of the internet and Ai, there will be an interview survey that asks
questions relevant to the expectations of the hypothesis and the questions from this survey
will be used as the “Model” for the Quantitative methodology that follows that will use the data
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generated from the survey for bivariate and multi-regression analysis .
Reasonable questions for the survey will be something like this: -1- Question about the benefits and usefulness of the “Constitutional Democracy
Convention”/ “CDC” which reverts all legislative powers to the people 100% -2- If the individual supports the replacement of Parliament with the “CDC” -3- Current problems with democracy: Bribery and corruption -4- Current problems with democracy: Democracy back sliding -5- Current problems with democracy: Unconstitutional take-over of government
“Adesanya’s Law”, used to be, the Iran’s Law -6- Current problems with democracy: Costs and affordability -7- Fast and decisive response from CDC to any issue arising from any situation
The results from this large N data (5,000 to 10,000) mostly online survey and live Salzburg,
Vienna, Innsbruck (Austria) and Ghana (West Africa)) will be the data to be used for the
quantitative bivariate and multivariate regressions that attempts to link causal inference
between the concept CDC and the expectations on the problem areas identified.
Quantitative methodology
The hypothesis has always been if “CDC” could deliver the claims and benefits justifying the
replacement of Parliament by the people with all legislative powers in democracy revert back
to the people 100% because of technology and the internet and Ai. This demands a causal
inference between “CDC” on the one hand and all other factors concerning democracy.
Thus, an explanation of the “Model” is required based upon the interview survey questions.
Model
From the questions, question 1 that concerns CDC, is the Independent Variable
“-1- Question about the benefits and usefulness of the “Constitutional Democracy
Convention”/ “CDC” which reverts all legislative powers to the people 100%”
All the 6 items below question 1, are all Dependent Variables -2- If the individual supports the replacement of Parliament with the “CDC” -3- Current
problems with democracy: Bribery and corruption -4- Current problems with democracy:
Democracy back sliding -5- Current problems with democracy: Unconstitutional take-over of
government “Adesanya’s Law”, used to be, the Iran’s Law -6- Current problems with
democracy: Costs and affordability. -7- Fast and decisive response from the CDC to any issue
arising from any situation”
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Bivariate Regression : Explains the effect between the IV and each of the 6 DVs
Multivariate Regression : Explains the effects of the relationship between the 6 DVs from the
effect of the IV.
The parameters required for causal inference to be valid will be examined which confirms the
hypothesis that developed the theory of the effects of the IV and DV justifying the replacement
of Parliament with the people and all legislative powers reverting back to the people 100%
Research expectation is that, external validity of the findings is guaranteed 100% and the
findings are applicable to anywhere and everywhere in the whole world that practices
democracy. It is expected that, every country will have to get a new Federal Constitution to be
compliant with the findings of this project.
WORKING TITLE:
Democracy and modern technology Ai and the Internet: Applying Ai and the Internet to
Democracy to determine if Parliament should be deleted as an Institution
Ademola Adesanya MA-MA.
June 1st 2026
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